Adapting Flat Design Concept in Digital Graphics to Wayfinding Signage Development: Redirecting Movement and Recreating the Environment
Article Sidebar
DOI:
Read Counter : 610
Download : 359
Main Article Content
Afeez Babatunde Siyanbola, Ph.D
Johnson O. Oladesu, Ph.D
Benjamin Eni-itan F. Afolabi, Ph.D
Festus O. Uzzi, Ph.D
Abstract
People visiting built environments are desirous of accomplishing their aim of visiting such place within the shortest possible time, devoid of negative feelings/ spatial anxiety. Meanwhile, some environment such as hospital, academic setting among others are known for complex structures whereby navigation can become daunting especially when characterised by poor wayfinding system. This therefore necessitated a study on development of wayfinding signage adapting flat design which ordinarily was a design concept invented for digital screens. Innovatively, the wayfinding system was printed for Fine and Applied Arts Building, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ibogun Campus, relying also on colour psychology, typography, shape and user experience. Research method adopted for the study was mixed method: experimental and survey. User perception of the wayfinding system was sampled using questionnaire administered to 313 respondents. After thorough analysis, results indicated there is consistency in the interior and exterior signage colours, signage textual information are bold and descriptive. The wayfinding system with its shapes added better aesthetic to the environment. This study succeeded in demonstrating how creativity can be put into practise. Thus, recommended that Visual designers (especially in Africa) should be open to new and diverse design concepts for effective visual solution.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Adepeko, O. A. (2016). Survey of Ondo Traditional Hand Woven Fabrics and their Modifications to Suit Contemporary Fashion Trends in Nigeria. An Unpublished Doctoral Thesis, Department of Industrial Design, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria. pp. 1-196
Ahmed, S. (2021). Development of perceptual wayfinding framework for hospital environment in North Central Nigeria. An Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Architecture, Federal University of Technology, Minna.
Angyol, M. A. (2015). Development of Alphabet Multimedia Instructional Materials to Enhance Pre-Primary Pupils Education in Samaru Zaria, Kaduna State Nigeria. Unpublished Masters Dissertation, Department of Industrial Design, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria. pp. 1-100.
Arthur, P. and Passini, R. (1992). Wayfinding: people, signs, and architecture. Toronto: McGraw-Hill.
Boone A. (2022). 5 Icon Styles that Will Level Up Your Presentations. Retrieved from https://ethos3.com/5-icon-styles-that-will-level-up-your-presentations/Accessed 20/09/2022
Carpman, J. R. & Grant, M. A. (2002). Wayfinding: a broad view. In R. B. Bechtel, A. Churchman, R. B. Bechtel, & A. Churchman (Eds.), Handbook of Environmental Psychology (pp.427-442). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Chai, X., & Jacobs, L. (2009). Sex differences in directional cue use in a virtual landscape. Behavioral Neuroscience. 123: 276–283.
Chimir, I., Waheeb, A. D. & Horney, M. (2005). Neisser’s Cycle of Perception: Formal Representation and Practical Implementation. Journal of Computer Science 10 (2): 106-111.
Clearbridge Mobile (2020). The Ultimate Design Decision: Skeuomorphism vs. Flat Design. Retrieved from https://clearbridgemobile.com/skeuomorphism-vsflat-design/ Accessed 22/03/2022
Damayanti, R. & Kossak, F. (2016). Extending Kevin Lynch’s concept of imageability in third space reading; Case Study of Kampungs, Surabaya–
Indonesia. A|Z ITU Journal of the Faculty of Architecture 13 (1): 57-67.
Darhken, R. & Peterson, B. (2002). Spatial orientation, wayfinding and representation. In K. Stanney (Ed.), Handbook of virtual environments: Design, implementation and applications (pp.493-518). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers
Davis, R. L., Therrien, B. A. & West, B. T. (2008). Cue conditions and wayfinding in older and younger women. Res. Gerontol. Nurs. 1: 252–263.
Dillon, A. (2006). User Interface Design. In L. Nadel (Ed.) Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science (pp. 453–458). New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons
Doğu, U. & Erkip, F. (2002). Spatial factors affecting wayfinding and orientation: A case study in a shopping mall. Environment and Behavior 32 (6): 731-755.
Downs, R. & Stea, D. (1973). Cognitive representations. In R. Downs & D. Stea (Eds.) Image and environment (pp.79–86). Chicago: Aldine
Duran, İ. E. (2016). The influence of familiarity and signage on wayfinding inacademic libraries: The Case of Bilkent University Library. Master’s Thesis, Interior Architecture and Environmental Design, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University Ankara.
Evans, G. W., Fellows, J., Zorn, M. & Doty, K. (1980). Cognitive mapping and architecture for natural scenes. Psychological Science 17 (1): 1-6.
Feeter, L. C (2019). Wayfinding Sans Pro. Retrieved from https://www.idoc.hub/Accessed on 25/09/2022
Frank, A. (2009). Multi-cultural aspects of spatial knowledge. In K. Janowicz, M. Raubal & S. Levashkin (Eds.), GeoSpatial semantics 5892. pp. 1–8.
Jonasson, Z. (2005). Meta-analysis of sex differences in rodent models of learning and memory: A review of behavioral and biological data. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 28: 811–825
Gibson, D. (2009). The wayfinding Handbook: Information Design for public Places. Princeton: Architectural Press. pp.1-146.
Helvacıoğlu, E. & Olguntürk, N. (2011). Color contribution to children's wayfinding in school environments. Optics and Laser Technology 43 (2): 410-419.
Hunter, S. (2010). Design resources: DR-01 architectural wayfinding. Center for Inclusive Design and Environmental Access. IDeA Center, University at Buffalo: 1-7.
Interaction Design Foundation (2021). Usability Retrieved from https://interaction-design.org/literature/topics/usability/ Accessed 20/09/2022
Kanakri, S., Schott, M. & Palme, H. (2016). Wayfinding Systems in Educational Environments. Environment and Ecology Research 4 (5): 251 - 256.
Kirasic, K. C. (2000). Age differences in adults’ spatial abilities, learning environmental layout, and wayfinding behavior. Spat. Cogn. Comput. 2 : 117– 134
Lawton, C. (2010). Gender, spatial abilities, and wayfinding. In J. Chrisler & D. McCreary (Eds.), Handbook of gender research in psychology (pp. 317–341). New York: Springer
Li, R. & Klippel, A. (2012). Wayfinding in libraries: Can problems be predicted? Journal of Map & Geography Libraries 8 (1): 21-38
Linn, M., & Petersen, A. (1985). Emergence and characterization of sex differences in spatial ability: A meta-analysis. Child Development. 56: 1479–1498
Lynch, K. (1960). The image of the city. Harvard, Cambridge: The Technology Press & Univ.Press 1-194
Large Format Innovation (2021). Is your wayfinding signage headed in the right direction? https://www.largeformatinnovation.com/sign-anddisplay/wayfinding-signage-headed-right-direction Accessed 13/12/2021.
Maina, J. & Audu, M. (2016). Wayfinding in Educational buildings: A Case Study of the Faculty of Environmental Design, Ahmadu Bello University. Environ. Journal of Environmental Studies 4 (1): 1-17
Matheny, S. (2021). Wayfinding with Colour. Retrieved from www.thegooddesignstudioblog.com Accessed 17/12/2021
Manning, J. R., Lew, T. F, and Kahana, M. J. (2014). MAGELLAN: A cognitive map–based model of human wayfinding. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 143 (3): 1314 – 1330.
Montello, D. R. & Freundschuh, S. (2005). Cognition of Geographic Information In The Research Agenda of Consortium for Geographic Information Science (pp.61 – 90). Boca Raton, FL: CRC
Moreno, L. (2021). Fundamentals of color in user interface design (UI). Retrieved from https://www.uxdesign.cc/fundamentals-of-color-in-interface-design-ui8127149f13e6/ Accessed 13/11/2021
Norman, D. (2004). Emotional Design: Why We Love (or Hate) Everyday Things. New York: Basic Books. pp. 1-272
Oyelola, K. (2014). Wayfinding in university settings: A case study of the wayfinding design process at Carleton University. Master’s thesis Dissertation, Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario.
Proactive Design (2021). Signage. www.proactive.ie/our-services/signage/Accessed 21/12/2021
Ranjbar, A., Fasllija, E. & Aksel, E. (2016). The Effects of Color Coding on Users’ Wayfinding Performance in a Virtual Shopping Mall Environment. Spring (2016):1-19.
Read, M. (2003). Use of Colour in Child Care Environment: Application of Colour for Wayfinding and Space Definition in Alabama Child Care Environment. Early Childhood Education Journal 30 (4): 233-239.
Reginald, C. (1999). Wayfinding Behavior: Cognitive Mapping and Other Spatial Processes, Chapter 1: Human Wayfinding and Cognitive Maps. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 5-45.
Scott-Webber, L., Marini, M. & Abraham, J. (2000). Higher education classrooms fail to meet needs of faculty and students. Journal of Interior Design 26 (1): 16-34.
Sheehan, B., Burton, E. & Mitchell, L. (2006). Outdoor wayfinding in dementia. Dementia 5 (2): 271–281
Shumaker, S. A., & Reizenstein, J. E. (1982). Environmental factors affecting inpatient stress in acute care hospitals. In G. W. Evans (Ed.) Environmental Stress (pp. 179–223). NY: Cambridge University Press
Slone, E., Burles, F., Robinson, K., Levy, R. M., & Iaria, G. (2015). Floor plan connectivity influences wayfinding performance in virtual environments. Environ. Behav. 47: 1024–1053
Spence, I., Wong, P., Rusan, M. & Rastegar, N. (2006). How color enhances visual memory for natural scenes. Psychological Science 17 (1): 1-6
Stone, N. J. (2003). Environmental view and color for a simulated telemarketing task. Journal of Environmental Psychology 1 (23): 63-78
Stuart de Rozario (2015). How should wayfinding typography look? https://www.fontsmith.com/blog/2015/01/16/fs-millbank-how-shouldwayfinding-typography-look/ Accessed 12/11/2021
Symonds, P. (2017). Wayfinding Signage Considerations in International Airports. Interdisciplinary Journal of Signage and Wayfinding 1 (20): 60-80
Symonds, P. (2022). Colour coding signage to guide and help people navigate.https://www.travelwayfinding.com/colour-coding-signage/ Accessed 22/09/2022
Vilar, E., Rebelo, F., & Noriega, P. (2014). Indoor human wayfinding performance using vertical and horizontal signage in virtual reality. Hum.Fact.Ergon.Manuf.Serv.Ind. 24: 601–615.
Wang, Y. (2005). Creating positive wayfinding experience. An Unpublished Master’s thesis. Iowa State University. pp. 1-117.
Wei-Yin, E. (2016). Evaluating the clearview typeface system and highway standard alphabets series for positive and negative contrast signs. Electronic Thesis and Dissertations for Graduate School. Pennsylvania State University. pp. 1-151
Workerbee (2016). Skeuomorphism vs. flat design vs material design. Retrieved from https://99designs.com/blog/trends/skeuomorphism-flat-design-materialdesign/amp/ Accessed 22/04/2022
Yeung, P. & Wong, W. (2018). Gender labels on Gender-Neutral Colours: Do they Affect Children’s Colour Preference and Play Performance? Sex Roles 79, No. 5 –6: 260 - 272